Additions to the peronosporales in the Canary Islands

              BOTÁNICA MACARONESICA 7(1980)
ADDfTIONS TO THE PERONOSPORALES IN THE CANARY ISLANDS
HALVOR B. GJAERUM
Norwegian Plaiu Próleclinn Insliliile, P.O.Box 70, N-1432 As-NLH. Norway
SUMMARY
Erysimum bicolorand E. scopariumare reported as new host for Albugo candidawh\-
le Hirschfeldia incana has previously been recorded as a host in the Canaries.
Peronospora affinis on Fumaria parviflora, P. aparines on Galium aparine, P.
chenopodii-polyspenni on Chenopodium múrale, and P. myosotidison Myosotis latifolia are
all new to Canary Islands. F. parviflora and M. iatifoHaare both reported as new hosts for the
fungi mentioned.
RESUMEN
Se reporta la presencia de Albugo candidacomo huésped de Erysimum bicolory E.sco-parium,
el cual ya había sido dado para Canarias como huésped de Hirschfeldia incana.
Peronospora affinis sobre Fumaria parviflora, P.aparines sobre Galium aparine,
P.chenopodii-polyspenni sobre Cheropodium muraley P.myosotidis sobre Myosotis latifolia
son todos nuevos para las Islas Canarias. F.parviflora y M.latifolia son ambas como nuevos
hospedantes de los hongos mencionados.
INTRODUCTION
To my knowledge, very little has been published on Peronospora-les
in the Canary Islands. Bornmüller (1903) reported Albugo candida
(Pers.) Kze. on Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Heldr. ( = / / . incana (L.)
Lagr.-Foss.) from Tafira in Gran Canaria. Later Urries (1957) repor­ted
Cystopus convolvulacearum Otth. (- Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae
(Schw.) Swingle) on Convolvulus siculus L. from Aldea
de San Nicolás, also in Gran Canaria. Jorstad (1962) added two spe-cies
of Albugo and a number of new hosts for A. cruciferarum {= A.
candida). He also reported on Bremia lactucaeRegd and six species of
Peronospora, all new to the Canary Islands.
39
HAI.VOR B. GJAERUM
The material presented here, preserved in herb. O, was collected
by myself as a member of the excursions arranged from the Botanical
Museum of the University of Oslo and sponsored by Norwegian Rese­arch
Council for Science and the Humanities. The hosts are identified
by Dr. Per Sunding, Botanical Museum in Oslo, to whom I want to
express my sincere thanks.
CATALOGUE
Albugo candida (Pers. ex Hook.) Kze. Rev. Gen. Plant., 2:
658, 1891. Syn. A. cruciferarum DC. ex S.F. Gray, Nat. Arrang.
Brit. Pl. 1: 540, 1821.
On Erysimum bicolor (Hornem.) DC. (syn. Cheiranthus virescens
Webb ex Christ).
Hierro, above Sabinosa, 2 IV 1978.
On Erysimumscopañum (Brouss. ex Willd.) Wettst. (syn. Cheiranthus
scoparius Brouss. ex Willd).
Tenerife, near km. 26 on road to Las Cañadas, 1550 m above sea level,
18 III 1973.
On Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Foss.
La Palma, bco. above Las Toscas, 25 III 1974.
Conidia on E. ¿J/CO/O/-measured 15-21 x 14-19.5 ^m, on E. scopa-rium
14-20 x 14-19.5 /^m, and on H. incana 15.5-19.5 x 13-18.5 ^m.
Oospores were not seen.
In his monograph on Albugo, Biga (1955) has given the total ran-ge
of conidial size as 10-22.5 /um. He recognized two varieties, viz. var.
candida with conidia 12.5-15 jum in diameter, covering most of the
cruciferous hosts registered. The var. mocro^poroTogashi, mainly on
Brassia spp., has conidia measuring 15-17.5 /um. The measurements
given for the Cañarían specimen show valúes indicating var. macros-pora,
but in the list of hosts given by Biga (op.cit.) for this variety the
Cañarían hosts are not included.
In addition to Bornmüller (see above) Jorstad (1962) reported the
fungus on H. incana from four of the Cañarían islands including La
Palma, but the two Erysimum spp. represent a new host genus in this
archipelago. They are not listed as hosts by Biga (op.cit.) either.
E. bicolor \s endemic in Macaronesia, known from Madeira, Sal-vage
and all Cañarían Islands but Lanzarote, while E. scoparium is
known from Tenerife only. H. incana, known from all the Canary
40
PERONOSPORALES IN THE CANARY ISLANDS
Islands, is also recorded from the Azores and Madeira, and it is wi-despread
in S, Europe.
Peronospora affinis Rossmann in Rabh. Herb. Myc. II, 489.
On Fumaria parviflora Lam.
Gran Canaria, Bco. de Moya, at Los Tilos, 10 I 1973.
Conidia 15-23 x 13-16 jLan. Oospores were not s'een.
P. affinis has been reported on several Fumaria spp. in Europe
(cf.e.g. Gauman 1923), but I have not been able to trace any records
on F. parviflora^ so it might be a new host for this fungus.
The host is widespread in Southern and Central Europe. In Ma-caronesia
it is found only on Lanzafote, Fuerteventura and Gran Ca­naria.
Peronospora aparines (de Bary) Gáum., Svensk Bot. Tidskr.
12: 444, 1919.
On Galium apa riñe L.
Gran Canaria, Bco. near San Roque, 16 I 1973; Bco. de Moya at Los
Tilos, 10 I 1973.
Conidia 22.5-31 x 20-24 pim. Oospores were not seen.
The fungus is widespread in Europe on this host and it is also re­ported
from U.S.A. Gáumann (op.cit.). The host which is widespread
in Macaronesia, has been found on all Canarian islands, but to my
knowledge there are no records of the fungus from this área.
Peronospora chenopodii-polyspermiGaum., Mitt. Naturf. Ges. Bern
1918: 64, 1919. Syn. P. muralisGáum., Beitr. Krypt.-Fl. Schweiz
5: 223, 1923.
On Chenopodium múrale L.
Tenerife, El Pilar, 28 III 1974.
Conidia 21-26 x 17-23.5 \jm. Oospores were not seen.
In older literature the downy mildews on Chenopodium and rela-ted
genera were often recognized as várieties or specialized forms of
P effusa (Grev.) de Bary. Later especially Gáumann (1923), in his
monograph,has Usted several species attacking different Chenopo­dium
spp. However, some of these species are reduced to synonyms,
e.g. by Kochzman & Majewski (1970). The downy mildew on C. mu-rale
has been reported from several European countries, and also
from Argentina (Gáumann, op.cit.).
41
HAl VOR B. GJAERUM
Peronospora myosotidis de Bary, in Rabh. F. eur. 572, 1863.
On Myosotis latifolia Poiret.
Hierro, W of Los Gramales, 2 IV 1978.
Conidia 16.5-22 x 15.5-19.5 \jím. Oospores were not seen.
P. myosotidis is also a new member of the Macaronesian flora,
but it is widespread in Europe on other Myosotis spp. (Gaumann,
op.cit.) and it is also reported from New Zealand (Jafar 1962) and N.
America (e.g. Shaw 1955). M. latifolia which probably is a new host
for the fungus, is reported from the Azores, Canary Islands and N.W.
África. In the Canaries it is reported from all islands except Lanzarote
and Fuerteventura.
REFERENCES
BIGA, M.E, BESTAGNO. 1955. Riesaminazione delle speeie del genere Albugo'm base alie morfología
dei conidi. Sy(iowia9: 339-358.
BORNMÜLl.ER, J. 1903. Ergebnisse zweier botanischer Reisen nach Madeira und den canarischen
Inseln. ho!. Jahrb. 33: 387-492.
GAUMANN, E. 1923. Beitrage zu einer Monographie der Gattung PeronosporaCordea. Beitr. Krypl.-
Fl. Schweiz, Band V, Heft 4.
JAFAR, H. 1962. Some new records in Pcronosporaceae ¡n New Zealand. N. Z. J. agr. Res. 5: 512-515.
JORSTAD, 1. 1962. Parasitic micromycetes from the Canary Islands. Skr. Norske Vidensk.-Akad. Oslo
I. Mal.-nal. Kl. Ny ser. n° 7.
KOCHMAN, J. & MAJEWSK!, T. 1970. Flora Poiska. Grzyhy (Mycoia). IV. Glonowce (Phycomyce-les)
Uroslikowe (Peronosporales). Warszawa.
SHAW, CH. G. 1955. Additions to the downy mildew (Pcronosporaceae) of the Pacific Northwest -II.
A'H'.Sri. 29: 76-83.
URRIES, M. J. de. 1957. Hongos microscópicos de Canarias. Puhl. Museo Canario, 1956-57, 57-64.
42