ESTOC DATA REPORT 1995/1996

              ESTOC
DATA REPORT 199511996
f
I
l
I Editors:
I O.Llin&, A.Rodriguez de Leh, G.Siedler and G.Wefer
, Instituto Canario de Ciencias Marinas (ICCM)
Instituto Espaiiol de Oceanografia (m)
Institut fiir Meereskunde Kiel (IFMK)
Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Universitat Bremen
(UBG)
P
Z
ZNFORMES T&CNZCOS DEL
I ZNSTlTUTO CANARZO DE CZENCZAS MARINAS
: Niirnero 7, Telde (Gran Canaria) 1999
EDITORS
0 . Llinhs, A. Rodriguez de Leh, G. Siedler, G. Wefer.
INFORMACION, INTERCAMBIO y SUBSCRIPCION: Secretaria Informes TCcnicos del ICCM.
INFORMATION, EXCHANGE AND SUBSCRIPTION: Technical Reports Office of the ICCM.
Instituto Canario de Ciencias Marinas
Apdo. 56. 35200 Telde. Gran Canaria. Espaiia. Tel.: (34 28 132900104) Fax: (34 28
132908). http:/neptuno. iccm. rcanaria. es. E-mail: ediciones@iccm. rcanaria. es.
Instituto Espafiol de Oceanografia. (Centro Oceanograifico de Canarias).
Ctra. San Andrks, s/nO. 38120 Tenerife. Espaiia. Tel.: (34 22 549400101) Fax: (34 22
549554). http:/www. ieo. rcanaria.es. E-mail: coc@ieo.rcanaria. es.
Institut fiir Meereskunde. Universitat Kiel.
Diisternbrooker Weg 20. D-24105 Kiel, Germany. Tel.: (49 431 597-3891) Fax: (49 431
565876). http:!www. ifm. uni-kiel.de.
Geowissenschaften. Universitat Bremen.
Klagenfurter Str. D-28359 Bremen. Germany. Tel.: (49 421 218-3389) Fax: (49 421
218 31 16). http:/www. uni-brernen.de.
Technical Reports of the "Canarian Institute of Marine Sciences" is a periodic publication of
the ICCM, Direccidn General de Universidades e Investigacidn, Consejeria de Educacidn,
Cultura y Deportes del Gobierno de Canarias, in order to disseminate research works, reports and
reference documents, related to Marine Sciences in the Eastern Central Atlantic Ocean.
The Information and opinions given in the ICCM Technical Reports are the sole responsability of
the authors.
Dep6sito Legal: GC 1089 - 1999 Abreviatura: Inf: TPc. Inst. Canario Cienc. Mar:
ISSN: 1 136- 193X O Direcci6n General de Universidades e Investigaci6n
Impresidn Portada: Litografia-Imprenta EL Pino, S.L. Soc. Unip. Consejeria de Educaci611, Cultura y Deportes
Agosto 1999 Gobiemo de Canarias
RESUMEN
Las observaciones de 10s cambios a gran escala en el ocCano son la clave para
entender la variabilidad climfitica tanto a nivel global como regional. La Estacidn
Europea de &ies Temporales Qcehicas de canarias (ESTOC) fue creada para
complementar las estaciones ocehicas existentes en el borde este del Atlhtico
Norte. La estaci6n se mantiene mediante la cooperaci6n de cuatro instituciones:
Institut fiir Meereskunde, Kiel (IFMK) y la Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der
Universiat Bremen (UBG) en Alemania y en Espaiia el Instituto Espaiiol de
Oceanografia (IEO) y el Instituto Canario de Ciencias Marinas (ICCM). Las
observaciones comenzaron a realizarse en 1994. La estaci6n est.5 situada
norninalrnente a 29"10'N, 15"30'W, a 100 km norte de las islas de Gran Canaria
y Tenerife y tiene una profundidad de 3600 m. Se realizan observaciones
mensuales de parhetros fisicos, quimicos y biol6gicos usando un buque de
investigaci611, se mantienen fondeos de correntimetros y de trarnpas de sediment0
y se hacen estudios de procesos con buques o~eanogr~ceons e l Area circundante
al menos una vez a1 aiio.
Gste es el segundo informe anual de la observaciones en la ESTOC de una serie
que sera publicada en 10s ,,Informes TCcnicos del ICCM". En el informe se
realiza una descripci6n de las medidas esthdar tomadas en la estaci6n y se
presentan tambi6n las observaciones realizadas durante el estudio de 10s procesos
en 1995 y 1996.
ABSTRACT
Observations of long-term changes in the ocean are a key to understanding
regional and global climate variability. The l&ropean Station for Tie-Series in
the Qcean Canary Islands (ESTOC) was established to complement existing
open-ocean stations in the eastern boundary regime of the North Atlantic. The
station is maintained in cooperation by four institutions: Institut fiir
Meereskunde, Kiel (IFMK) and the Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der
Universiat Bremen (UBG) in Germany, and in Spain the Instituto Espaiiol de
Oceanografia WO) and the Instituto Canario de Ciencias Marinas (ICCM).
Observations started in 1994. The nominal station position is at 29"10'N,
15"30'W, with the site about 100 km north of the islands of Gran Canaria and
Tenerife at a depth of 3600 m. Activities include monthly observations of
physical, chemical and biological parameters with a research vessel, the
maintenance of a current meter mooring and a particle trap mooring and process
studies with research ships in the surrounding area at least once per year.
This is the second annual report on the ESTOC observations in a series which
will be published in the ,,Informes TCcnicos del ICCM". The report provides a
description of the standard measurements at the station site and also presents the
observations made during the process study cruises in 1995 and 1996.
ESTOC
DATA REPORT 1995f1996
Contents
RESUMEN/ ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
2 CRUISE SUMMARlES AND DEPLOYMENT INFORMATION
2.1 Regular Station Observations
2.1.1 Monthly Observations
(0. Llin6s, R. Reuter, G. Siedler, T.J. Miiller, S. Neuc
A. Spitzy)
2.1.2 Moorings
2.1.2.1 CurrenttTemperature Measurements
(J. Reppin, T. J. Miiller)
2.1.2.2 Particle Traps
(S. Neuer)
2.1.3 XBT Lines
(E. PCrez-Martell, A. Cianca)
2.1.3.1 Methodology
2.1.3.2 XBT Line ESTOC-Gran Canaria
2.1.3.3 XBT Line Agaete-Sta. Cruz
2.2. Related Process Studies
2.2.1. Goals
2.2.2. "Victor Hensen" Cruise VH 95,30.05.95-07.06.95.
(R. Reuter)
2.2.3. "Poseidon" Cruise P 212/3,30.09.95-08.10.95.
(G. Siedler, T.J. Miiller)
2.2.4. "Victo Hensen" Cruise VH 96
2.2.4.1 VH 96-1,23.01.96-31.01.96.
(R. Reuter)
2.2.4.2 VH 96-2,04.02.96-12.02.96.
(S. Neuer)
2.2.5 "Poseidon" Cruise P 219,14.05.96-20.05.96.
(A. Spitzy)
3 ' SAMPLING PROCEDURES AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
3.1 CTD
(J. Reppin)
3.2 ADCP
(J. Reppin)
3.2.1 Vessel-mounted ADCP
3.2.2 Lowered ADCP
Discrete Water Column Measurements
(M. J. Rueda, A. Cianca, R. Santana, M. Gonz6lez-DMla, S.
Neuer, E. Ddgado, J. Godoy, C. Rodriguez, M. Santana-
Casiano, J. Hernzindez-Brito, M.D. Gelado-Caballero, F. Lbpez-
Laatzen, C. Moos, M. Segl)
3.3.1 Cast Order
3.3.2 Water Sampling
3.3.3 Salinity
3.3.4 Dissolved Oxygen
3.3.5 Nutrients
3.3.6 Aluminium
3.3.7 pH
3.3.8 Alkalinity
3.3.9 Stable Oxygen Isotopes
3.3.10 Phytoplankton Pigments
3.3.11 Calibrations
Drifting Particle Collectors
(S. Neuer)
Moorings
3.5.1 Selfcontained ADCP
(J. Reppin)
3.5.2 Aanderaa Current Meters I
i
1 (J. Reppin)
3.5.3 Particle Traps
(S. Neuer)
Remote Sensing
(J.P. Marrero)
3.6.1 Methodology
3.6.2 Acquisition
3.6.3 Data Processing
4 RESULTS
4.1 Regular Station Observations
4. l. 1 Monthly Observations
4.1.1.1 Chemical and BiologicaI Parameters
(M. J. Rueda, R. Santana, M. Villagarcia)
4.1.1.2 COz System
(M. Gonziilez-DBvila, M. Santana-Casiano)
4.1.2 Drifiting Particle Collector Studies
(S. Neuer)
4.1.3 Moorings
4.1.3.1 Current Meter Moorings
(G. Siedler)
4.1.3.2 Sediment Trap Moorings
(S. Neuer)
4.1.4 XBT Sections
(E. PCrez-Martell, A. Cianca )
4.1.5 Remote Sensing
(J.P. Marrero, 0. Llinris)
4.2 Related Process Studies
4.2.1 "Victor Hensen" Cruise VH 95
(R. Reuter)
4.2.2 "Poseidon" Cruise P 212
4.2.2.1 TemperatureISalinity Distributions
(J. Reppin)
4.2.2.2 Chemical and Biological Distributions
(0. Lliniis, M.J. Rueda)
4.2.2.3 CO2 System
(M. 'GonziiIez-D6vila, M. Santana-Casiano)
4.2.3 "Victor Hensen" Cruise VH 96
4.2.3.1 Chemical and Biological Parameters
(0.Ll iniis, M.J. Rueda)
4.2.3.2 CO2 System
(M* Gonziilez-Diivila, M. Santana-Casiano)
4.2.4 "Poseidon" Cruise P 219
(0. Lliniis, A. Spitzy)
5 REFERENCES
6 ESTOC PROGRAMMlE PRESENTATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS
7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
8 DATA AVAILABILITY AND DISTRIBUTION
9 APPENDICES
A Monthly Observations
B Cruise Details
B1 Vi&r Hensen" Cruise VH 95
B2 c'Poseidon" Cruise P 212
B3 "Victor Hensen" Cruise VH 96
B4 "Poseidon" Cruise P 219
C List of Acronyms
I n . TkcJnst.Canario Cienc.Mard7
The interdisciplinary time series station ESTOC (European Station for Time-series
in the Ocean Canary Islands, Estaci6n Europea de Series Temporales
Ocehicas de Canarias) has been in operation since 1994. It is positioned at about
3600m depth at 29°10'N, 15"30'W, about 100 km north of the islands of Gran
Canaria and Tenerife. Regular station observations once per month on a research
vessel comprise measurements of physical, chemical and biological properties
and include water sampling. In addition to these regular measurements other
observations are performed during the monthly cruises on the initiative of
individual researchers. The regular ship measurements are complemented by
moored instrument observations.
In order to obtain an improved understanding of the processes governing the
region and thereby to gain information on the representativeness of the time
series data, repeated process studies are also caked out These interdisciplinary
experiments with research vessels combine hydrographic measurements,
chemical and biological sampling, productivity experiments and drifting sdace-tethered
particle trap observations. The cruises are also used to exchange ESTOC
moorings and to carry. out the standard observations when appropriate. As a
further contribution to the process studies, XBT lines were established between
Gran Canaria and the station and also between Gran Canaria and Tenerife.
ESTOC is a Spanish-German joint project, with the participating institutions
indicated on the cover of this report, and is coordinated by an international
ESTOC Committee. Several Spanish and German ships have been used to carry
out the observations. The funding for the German contribution is provided by the
Ministry for Education, Science, Research and Technology (BMBF, Fkz. :
03F0108D) as part of the German JGOFS programme. The Spanish institutions
obtain their funding from local and national government sources.
More information on the goals of ESTOC and the organisational structure can be
found in the introduction to the fist ESTOC annual report (Llinas et al., 1997)
and on the web pages neptuno.iccm.rcanaria.es, www.ifm.uni-kiel and
www.allgeo.uni-bremen.de. The annual reports for the periods 1995 and 1996
were prepared simultaneously and have therefore been combined here in one
volume.
ESTOC 1995/1996
2 CRUISE SUMMARlES AND DEPLOYMENT INFORMATION
2.1 Regular Station Observations
2.1.1 Monthly Observations
(0. LlinQs, R. Reuter, G. Siedler, T.J. Miiller, S. Neuer, A. Spitzy)
The position of the ESTOC station is shown in Figure 1. The aim is to occupy the
station regularly each month for two days. The list of cruises during the reporting
period is presented in Table 1. The measurements are carried out by scientific
and technical groups varying from cruise to cruise, with different people from the
participating institutions (see Table 3). The journey from Las Palmas to the
ESTOC position takes about 8 hours. The water depth of the station is 3600m
and the work on station lasted approximately 9 hours.
19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 I1 l0 9
Longitude W ut
Figure 1. Map of the Canary-Madeira region with the position of ESTOC.
This report presents a summary of the station activities during the second and
third year of operation. Due to some problems with B0 "Taliarte" gaps occurred
in the monthly sampling during 1995. During that year the station was occupied
four times by B0 "Taliarte" and several times during two periods by FS "Victor
Hensen" and FS ''Poseidon" The problems were overcome in 1996, with only
one gap in November. A total of 8 cruises were done by B0 "Taliarte", two by
FS "Victor Hensen" and one by FS "Poseidon" (Table 1). On B0 "Taliarte" the
sampling was performed with Niskin bottles of 5 litres capacity fitted with
reversing thermometers. Each bottle carried three thermometers and was
mounted on stainless-steel hydrowire. A General Oceanics Rosette and a Neil
Brown CTD were used on FS "Victor Hensen" and on FS "Poseidon".
Table 1. Summary of ESTOC cruises in 1995 and 1996.
Table 2. Basic parameters measured at ESTOC in 1994-1996.
ESTOC 1995/.996
Table 3. Personnel participating in the monthly ESTOC cruises in 1995 and 1996.
Participant I Function during the cruise
Name I Inst. I Year 1995 Year 1996 I
Hatched columns indicate months without sampling. Cruises were perfomed with B 0 'Tdiarte" unless
specified: * =Victor Hensen cruise, + = Poseidon cruise.
Participating institutes:
GeoB : FB5, Geowissenschaften, Universit2it Bremen, Germany
ICCM : Instituto Canario de Ciencias Marinas, Telde de Gran Canaria, Spain
IEO : Institute Espafiol de Oceanografia, COC, Sta. Cruz, TF, Spain
IfMK : Institut fiir Meereskunde an der Universitiit Kiel, Germany
ULPGC : Universidad de Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain
Functions:
S : scientist
T : technician
2.1.2 Moorings
2.1.2.1 Currentltemperature measurements
(J. Reppin, T.J. Miiller)
During the FS "Poseidon" cruise 202, a current meter mooring (see Figure D1 in
data report 1994) was deployed on 22.09.1994 at 29O10.09'N and 15O40.25W at
a water depth of 3620111. The mooring was equipped with 7 Aanderaa current
meters at 270,500, 800,1200, 1600, 2500, and 3500x11 depth. An upward looking
ADCP was installed at 180m depth. The mooring was recovered during FS
"Poseidon" cruise 21 2 on 17.09.1995.